Injection and Mixing in Turbulent Flow

The organization of this volume is based upon the author's belief that the present state of knowledge in this area requires that a worker wishing to predict the development of a given mixing flow must now apply a combination of empirical and analytical techniques. Thus, each chapter and section contains, first, an overview of the available mean flow and turbulence data, and then an ordered presentation of analytical procedures based upon the complexity and presumed relative rigor of the turbulence model employed. Only methods which employ numerically exact solutions of the equations of motion are generally included. Wherever possible, competing predictions for the same flow are compared to each other and to experimental data. The case of a single jet, planar or axisymmetric, in a coflowing mainstream was selected as a baseline case and is discussed in considerable detail. The cases of axial pressure gradient, zero net axial momentum defect (self-propulsion), swirl, two-phase mixtures, three-dimensional but coaxial geometry, transverse injection, buoyancy forces, and viscous-inviscid interaction then are treated as variations on the baseline case. In order to place some bounds upon the scope of the coverage, some important but separable effects were excluded. Primary among these are the explicit influence of solid boundaries in the mixing region, chemical reactions, and noise production. Some theoretical and experimental topics are not yet mature enough to permit coverage here in real depth at this time.

The book is aimed at the engineer or physical scientist who has a background in undergraduate-level fluid dynamics and who wishes an introduction to turbulent mixing processes. It will be useful to aerospace, chemical, civil, and mechanical engineers and to chemists, geologists, meteorologists, oceanographers, and physicists who are concerned with any or all of the many situations where injection and mixing are important.